The battered bond market starts 2025 facing some difficult issues about debt

Key Points

  • Nearly $3 trillion of U.S. debt is expected to mature in 2025, much of it short-term.
  • The Treasury Department might extend the duration of this debt, potentially overwhelming the market.
  • Treasury issuance has increased by 28.5% in 2024, with $2 trillion in "excess" Treasury bills currently in the market.
  • Yields have soared, impacting Treasury bond ETFs like TLT, which lost over 11% in 2024.
  • The market's absorption capacity for new Treasury issuance is a significant concern.

Summary

The U.S. Treasury market is facing significant challenges in 2025, primarily due to the maturity of nearly $3 trillion in short-term debt. This situation is compounded by the Treasury Department's strategy to possibly extend the duration of this debt, which could strain the market's capacity to absorb new issuance. The increase in Treasury issuance by 28.5% in 2024 has already led to an excess of $2 trillion in Treasury bills, which might need to be shifted to longer-term securities. This shift is seen as a more immediate concern than the upcoming budget deficit. Moreover, the bond market has been under pressure with yields rising, causing significant losses for long-term Treasury bond ETFs like TLT. Critics, including congressional Republicans and economists, have accused the Treasury of manipulating short-term financing costs to influence the economy during an election year. With the Federal Reserve's recent rate adjustments and the market's anticipation of fewer rate cuts, fixed income investors are bracing for another challenging year.

cnbc
January 1, 2025
Crypto
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